Automatic variable feed attachment for shapers



April 10, 1951 L. A. vAssAKos 15 9 AUTOMATIC VARIABLE FEED ATTACHMENT FOR SHAPERS Filed March 26, 1945 v 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 386 I l 171 O 6 V o o 4 10621 w lash I fi 5&2? I069 a QIIIII IIIIIII A IIIIIIl/I/IIIIl/IIII I206 INVENTOR.

L EON/0A; A. mssA/ros.

ArrOEA/EY.

Aptffifi m, 11% 1 2,54%,1m

AUTOMATIC VARIABLE FEED ATTACHMENT FOR SHAPERS L. A. VASSAKQS 12 sheets shet s .lled. March 26, 1945 INVEN TOR. LEON/D/IS A. VASSHKOS.

ATTOPNE K April MB, 11953 LIA. VASSAKOS AUTOMATIC VARIABLE FEED ATTACHMENT FOR SHAPERS 12 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 26, 1945 INVENTOR. (EON/0,45 A. VHSSAKOS.

ATTORNEY Apr-11B w, 1951 L. A. VASSAKOS AUTOMATIC VARIABLE FEED ATTACHMENT FOR SHAPERS l2 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed March 26, 1945 INVENTOR.

47'TUVNEY pTiifl 10, 1951 L. A. vAssAKos 2,548,180

AUTOMATIC VARIABLE FEED ATTACHMENT FOR SHAPERS Filed March 26, 1945 12 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR.

62 6 AEON/DAS A. V/JSSAKOJ prill W, 1951 1.. A. vAssAKos 2,548,189

AUTOMATIC VARIABLE FEED ATTACHMENT FOR SHAPERS Filed March 26, 1945 12 Sheets-Sheet '7 05@ I M H nl l II II, M M I INVENTOR.

LEON/D195 H. VASSHKOS,

I38 57 WM April 1951 A. vAssAKos 2,548,181

AUTOMATIC VARIABLE FEED ATTACHMENT FOR SHAPERS Filed March 26, 1945 12 Sheets-Sheet 8 70? 74 73A W E 86/ I I] 1% AM A I N V EN TOR. LEON/D195 A. VJJJAKOS.

April 10, 1951 1.. A. VASSAKOS 2,548,139

' AUTOMATIC VARIABLE FEED ATTACHMENT FOR SHAPERS Filed March 26, 1945 12 Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENTOR. LEON/D145 A. V/LSS/I/(OS.

ATTOENE 77 April 10, R951 L. A. vAssAKos AUTOMATIC VARIABLE FEED ATTACHMENT FOR SHAPERS l2 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed March 26, 1945 INVENTOR. LEON/D195 A. WASH/(0.5.

Aprifi W, 1951 A. VASSAKQS 2,54%,1 1:;

AUTOMATIC VARIABLE FEED ATTACHMENT FOR SHAPERS Filed March 26, 1945 12 Sheets-Sheet ll a l '1 5: 1 1 i JNVENTORI. z EON/0A5 A. mam/r05.

ATTOENEY April 10, 1951 A. VASSAKOS 2,548,189

AUTOMATIC VARIABLE FEED ATTACHMENT FOR SHAPERS Filed March 26, 1945 12 Sheets-Sheet 12 JG'TTOENEK Patented Apr. 10, 1951 AUTOMATIC VARIABLE FEED ATTACHMENT FOR SHAPERS Leonidas A. Vassakos, New York, N. Y., assignor of one-third to Charles Rosenthal, Teaneck,

N. J., and N. Y.

one-third to Alfred Gurkin, Bronx,

Application March 26, 1945, Serial No. 584,843

13 Claims. 1

This invention relates to machine tools. It is particularly directed to a machine tool such as a shaper, planer, or the like machine.

An object of this invention is to provide a machine tool of the character described havin means to finish machining the work in accordance with a template.

Another object of this invention is to provide a shaper comprising a work-holding table and a tool for cutting the work, the table and the tool having relative reciprocating movement and relative transverse adjustment in increments, a profile template being attached to the table, and means associated with the cutting tool to cooperate with the template for cutting the work piece in accordance with the shape of the template.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide a shaper of the character described having a work table and a profile template fixed thereto and means on the reciprocating head which carries the cutting tool, and controlled by said template, for feeding the cutting tool downwardly to cutting position prior to the forward or cutting stroke of the head, and to raise the tool a predetermined distance prior to retracting said head.

A further object of this invention is to provide in a machine of the character described means to raise the tool a predetermined fixed and constant amount, and means to lower the tool a predetermined maximum amount but not in excess of the distance necessary for the follower to touch the template on the work table, the arrangement being such that the elevation or retraction ofthe tool is less than the maximum projection or downward feeding movement of the tool.

Still another object of this invention is to provide in a machine of the character described electrical means controlled by a template on the work table for operating valves to control operation of a piston in a cylinder, which piston in turn controls movement of the cutting tool toward and away from the Work.

A still further object of this invention is to provide in a machine of the character described a cylinder on the slide head, a piston in the cylinder, a gear on the feed screw mechanism, another gear meshing therewith, a double-toothed dog adapted to selectively engage the second gear, links and levers connecting the piston with the dog, means controlled by the template on the work table to admit air to one end of the cylinder for moving the piston in a direction for actuating the dog to engage a tooth of the dog with the second gear for rotating the feed screw mechanism in a direction for feeding the tool downwardly, the arrangement being such that when the follower touches the template, air will momentarily be allowed to enter the opposite end'of the cylinder to give the piston a kick forreleasing from said gear the tooth which engages the second gear, and then permit the piston to continue its movement in the cylinder so that the dog can continue its movement without rotating the second gear.

Yet a further object of this invention is to provide a strong, rugged and durable machine of the character described which shall be relatively inexpensive to manufacture, sure, positive and accurate in operation, and yet practical and efiicient to a high degree in use.

A further object is to provide a device of this character which may be constructed as a component part of a shaper or planer, or as an attachment therefor.

A further object is to provide an attachment of this character which will in no way affect the use of the shaper or planer in the standard conventional manner, when so desired.

Other objects of this invention will in part be obvious and in part hereinafter pointed out.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combination of elements, and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter described, and of which the scope of application will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawing, in which is shown various possible illustrative embodiments of this invention:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a machine embodying the invention here shown for the purpose of illustration in the form of a shaper.

Fig. 2 is a cro s-sectional view taken through the upper part of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a modified construction.

Fig. 4 is a partial front plan view of the machine embodying the invention.

Fig. 5 is a side elevational View illustrating air valves and the control therefor and showing the position of the valves when the machine head is being retracted, and before the valve control member is actuated.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 but showing the position of the parts after the valve actuating member has been fully moved.

Fig. '7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, but showing an intermediate position between the positions. of Figs. 5 and 6.

Fig. 8 is a partial top plan view of the shaper embodying the invention.

Fig. 9 is a partial side elevational View of the machine embodying the invention, showing the main valves and the piston for controlling the cutting tool.

Fig. 10 is a partial top plan view of the control means for moving the cutting tool and showing the same in a position where the head has been fully retracted and the cutting tool has been moved down until the control member contacted the profile cam on the work table.

Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 10 but showing the position of the parts just as the cutting tool is bein lowered.

Fig. 12 is a top plan view of the structure shown in Fig. 10 with some of the elements removed.

Fig. 13 is a. cross-sectional view through the cylinder and control piston.

Fig. 14 is an expanded perspective view of the ratchet assembly.

Fig. 15 is an elevational cross-sectional view through the ratchet assembly.

Fig. 16 is a partial top plan view showing the position of the parts when the cutting tool is being raised after the cutting stroke.

Fig. 17 is an elevational view of a part shown in Fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is a side elevational view illustrating the means for controlling the main valves and showing the position of the parts as the head is being retracted.

Fig. 19 is a view similar to Fig. 18 but showing the position of the parts when the head is fully retracted so that one of the main valves is open.

Fig. 20 is a View similar to Fig. 19 but showing the position of the parts when the head is in its fully forward position thereby actuating the other main valve.

Fig. 21 is a side elevational view illustrating the main valves and controls therefor.

Fig. 22 is a diagrammatic View illustrating the air control system and showing the position of the parts when the head is being retracted.

Fig. 23 is a view similar to Fig. 22 but showing the valves corresponding to the position of Fig. 6.

Fig. 24 is a partial view of the valve corresponding to the position of Fig. '7.

Fig. 25 is a view similar to Fig. 22 but showing the position of the valves corresponding to the positions thereof as illustrated in Fig. 5.

Fig. 26 is a diagrammatic View illustrating the electrical hook-up for controlling the valves.

Fig. 27is a vertical view of the control member illustrating a modified construction and showing the, switch open.

Fig. 28 isa view similar to Fig. 27 and showing the position when the switch is closed.

Fig. 28a is a, side elevation of the modification shown in Figs. 27 and 28.

Fig. 29 is a partial front view of the machine illustrating the means for supporting. the profile template on the machine.

Fig. 30 is a side view of the structure shown in Fi 29.

Fig. 31 is a top plan view of the structure shown in Fig. 29.

'Fig. 32 is a fragmentary elevational view showing the profile template, the false template, the follower, and the adjusting means for the false template.

Fig. 320. is a fragmentary perspective view showing the construction of the false template or masking member and details of its supporting means.

Fig. 33 is a side elevational view showing details of the adjusting means for the follower.

Fig. 34 is a cross-sectional view of the follower construction shown in Fig. 33.

Referring now in detail to the drawing (Figs. 1 and 2), S indicates a machine tool embodying the invention, here shown for the purpose of illustration in the form of a shaper. The shaper S comprises a base I69 supporting a body IUI. The body IilI has a top horizontal wall I02 formed with a longitudinal slot to provide inner guide edges I03 to support the sliding or reciprocating head I02. The head I04 may be of usual construction except as modified in accordance with the description hereinafter contained.

On the body are usual means for reciprocating the head, and for adjusting the length of the stroke. At the front end of the head is a usual .tool support I86 comprising a tool feed screw mechanism 3'! for the shaper tool post I08. On the tool post I08 is tool 40. When the screw mechanism 31 is rotated the tool post will be moved up or down depending upon the direction of rotation. On the body I2! is a work table support me on which there is supported for sliding movement the work table I I9.

The usual means are provided for moving the work table transversely either by means of hand lever III or by the ratchet mechanism II2 well known in the art.

On the work table III] is a vise II3 to support the work piece I8. The work piece may be rough cut first, and the present invention may be used to provide means for fine or finish cutting the work piece, though means are provided to enable the complete cutting of the work in duplication of a template, as will later appear. The support I09 can be adjusted vertically in the usual manner. To this end the support IE9 is supported for vertical sliding movement on a vertical slide II5. On the base is a wheel H'I connected through proper gearing to a vertical screw II8 which controls the vertical movement of the support I69.

Attached to the work table III] in the manner hereinafter described is a transverse profile template 39 (Figs. 1, 4, 26-30, 32). The purpose of the machine is to cut the work piece I8 in accordance with the shape of the template 39. The template 39 is a plate having an edge at its upper end shaped to the contour intended for the crosssection of the finished work. Attached to the sides of the work table as by studs I2llb (Figs. 1, 4, 29, 30) are spaced brackets I20. Slidably supported by the brackets are vertical frame members I2I. The lower ends of said frame members are interconnected at the bottom by a brace member I22. Attached to the upper ends of the vertical members I2; are side brackets I24 (Figs. 29, 30, 31). Interconnecting the upper ends of frame members I2I is a transverse bar I25 formed with a plurality of screw-threaded openings in which are screwed studs I26 thus providing a vise for the templates 39. The rear ends of the brackets I24 are slidable along a transverse bar I21- with an edge 39:- adjacent one end and having the shape intended for the finished work. The work table Ill) and hence the work I8 may be properly positioned relative to the template 39 by raising the table III or lowering it. The studs IZIla may then be screwed tightly against the frame members I 2 I. a

Now obviously the bite of the tool is limited. Hence, unless the work were first rough cut to approximate the shape of the template, some means must be provided to arrest the tool from moving down beyond the limit of the bite possible and feasible with the particular Workin hand. Hence means are provided as, for instance, the false template or arrestor 39a (Fig. 32), to arrest the follower and hence the tool when it has been moved or fed downwardly sufficiently to take the required bite.

Secured to the bar I2? (Figs. 31, 32, 32a) is a plate 93 the front face of which is provided with a dovetail slide groove 94 within which is slidably received a complementary slide 95 to which is secured a bracket 96a. This bracket has a right angled portion 96 which is bored and tapped to threadedly receive stud 9! which is rotatably supported by bracket 98 which in turn is secured to plate 93 as by screw 9.9. The stud 9'! has an enlarged head which is provided with an annular groove 910. (Fig. 32). The horizontal leg of bracket 98 is bifurcated and the grooved head of stud 97 is received between the furcations Sta to be rotatably retained therebetween, Extending laterally from the bracket 96a is a false template or arrestor 39a. The top of the enlarged head of stud 91 is slotted to receive a screw driver. It will thus be seen that by rotating stud 9? the false template or arrestor 39a may be raised or lowered relative to the template 39.

Attached to the head I04 is a casting I 30. Casting I30 has flanges new resting on the head and attached thereto by bolts v 32. Said casting furthermore has a curved wall I 33 straddling the head. Above wall I33 is a horizontal shelf I 3 2 and a cylinder 26. At the ends of the cylinder are plugs 22a and 20b (Figs. 8, 13, 22-25). Attached to plug Ziia is a pipe 24 (Figs. 22-25) and attached to plug 2% is a pipe I36. Within cylinder 2!] is a reciprocating piston I3! comprising a pair of spaced heads I38 and I39 having a wiping engagement with the internal surface of the cylinder. The cylinder is formed with a slot 23 (Fig. 13) between the piston heads. Connected to the piston is an arm 25 extending through the slot 26 for the purpose hereinafter appearing.

Means is provided to control the action of the piston 13?. To this end there is mounted on shelf I34 (Figs, 5, 6, '7, 22-24) a series of spaced control valves designated by numerals 22, 58, 59 and 60 provided with valve stems 22a, 58a, 59a and 69a, respectively. When the valve stems are normally up, the valves are closed. When the valve stems are depressed the valves open to permit passage of air therethrough. Valve 59, however, is a two-way valve whichcan be opened to permit air to pass therethrough, and when it is closed, the inlet end thereof is shut whereas its outlet end is opened to discharge to the atmosphere. ttached to one side of member 53% as in Figs. 9, 21, 22, 23, 24, in the manner hereinafter described, are a pair of main valves 89 and I9. When said valves are opened, air may pass therethrough. When said valves are closed air supplied to the inlet sides of the valves is shut off and the outlet sides of the valves are opened to discharge to the atmosphere.

An exhaust valve 55 is furthermore supplied as wil appear hereinafte.

There is furthermore provided a cylinder 6i (Figs. 8, l0, 11, 16, 22-25) in which a piston 6% slides. When air under pressure is supplied to the cylinder 6i the piston 66b is moved forwardly. When supply of air to the cylinder-is cut off the piston will be retracted (unless restrained) by a spring (350 FigjlO in the cylinder 6|. The supply of air under pressure is provided through tank I40. 22-25) is connected through ppie IM to branch pipes I42 and I 43 which are connected to the inlet ends of the main valves I9 and 853. The outlet side of main valve I9 is connected through pipe 2i to valve 22. Valve 22 is connected through pipe 23 to pipe 24. Pipes 23 and 24 are connected through pipe Hi4 to the exhaust valve 55. Pipe MI is connected through pipe I45 to valve 58. Valve 58 is connected by pipe M6 to said pipe I35 which in turn is connected to the plug Zilb. Pipe M5 is connected through pipe I 47 to the inlet end of valve 59. The outlet end of valve 59 is connected by pipe I 48 to said cylinder GI. The outlet end of main valve 86 is connected by pipe I49 to valve 60. Valve 60 is connected by pipe I 56 to the junction of pipes Hi6 and I 36.

Means is provided to control the valves i9 and 8!]. To this end thereis fixed to the body ill! a vertical bracket IElIa (Fig, 2). Attached to bracket IilIa is a vertical plate I51. Mounted on the plate l 5I are a pair of bifurcated brackets I 52 carrying vertical rollers I2 and 8!, respectively (see Figs. 2, 9, 18-21). Each bifurcated bracket I52 has top and bottom arms I52a and a vertical arm I521]. Attached to each of the vertical arms I521) is a stud 520. The studs I 520 pass through horizontal, longitudinal slots 55m. On the studs are washers I52d contacting plate I5I. Screwed to the studs are nuts I52e. The rollers I2 and 8! are rotatably mounted on vertical pins I521 supported onarms I 52a of the brackets.

It will now be understood that the longitudinal position of the roller I2 may be adjusted depending upon the stroke of the head I0 1.

Member I30 is provided with a horizontal wall Lilla (Fig. 2). Pivoted to wall I30a as at I53 (Figs. 18, 19, 21) is a lever Ii having a hook it at one end of a finger IIa spaced from the hook Pivoted to the wall I3iia as at E5 is a lever I4. Interconnecting one end of lever M with an end of lever I! is a link I3. When the head HM is being retracted as it approaches the end of its return stroke, roller 52 will engage hook it to rotate lever II which in turn rotates lever I4 through the link I3. On the body of valve I9 is a bracket I8 (Figs. 9 and 21). Pivoted to the bracket is an arm I? overlying the valve stem I6 of said valve It. When lever I4 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction looking at Fig. 19, the end of the lever will engage pivot arm 51 to depress the valve stem I6 for opening valve I9. As the head begins to move in an opposite direction for the cutting stroke, roller #2 will engage the finger Ilato move the levers to normal position for closing the valve I9. There is also pivoted to wall E38 as seen in Figs. 18, 19, 20, a lever 79 pivoted thereto as at 79b. Lever 19 at one end is provided with a hook 55a and with a finger I90, spaced from the hook. Pivoted to said Wall as at 83a is a lever 83. One end of lever 83 is connected to lever I9 by a link 82. As the head of the shaper approaches the end of its cutting stroke, roller 8| will engage finger The tank Mil (Figsl I9 to rotate lever 83 in a clockwise direction. On

.valve 80 is an upstandlng bracket 85 (Figs. 9,

21). Pivoted thereto as an arm 84 overlying the valve stem 88a of said valve. When lever 83 is moved in a clockwise direction it will engage arm 84 to depress the valve stem 80a. and open valve 86. When the head begins its return move ment roller 8% will kick finger 190 to move the lever 83 01f arm 86 so as to permit the valve 80 to close at its inlet end and open to the atmosphere at its outlet end.

On shelf I34 is a solenoid 56 (Figs. 1, -8, 26). overlying the valves 22, 58, 59 and 60 is a slide 51a attached to the armature 5! of the solenoid 56. When the solenoid is energized slide 51a moves to the right as shown in Fig. 6. Interconnecting slide 51a with a bracket I55 is a coil tens-on spring I55. At the underside of the bar 61a, are cam lobes 22b, 58b, 59b and 66b, respec tively. When the bar is in the position shown in Fig. 5, the lugs 22b and 66b overlie and depress the valve stems 22a and 60a respectively, to keep the valves open. Lug 58b is positioned in advance of the stem 58a. Lug 59b is positioned in advance of valve stem 59a. However, lug 58b is closer to lug 58a than lug 55b is to stem 50a. Thus as the solenoid is energized, and the bar 51a begins to move to the right, the lugs 22b and 60b move off the valve stems 66a to open the valves 22 and 66, respectively. Lug 581) also engages stein 58a to depress the same and open valve 58. This position is shown in Fig. 7 of the drawing.

As the bar continues to move to the right, lug 59b engages stem 59a to open valve 59, and lug 58b moves off stem 58a so that each of the valves 58 and 60 are opened. When the solenoid is deenergized as will appear hereinafter, spring I56 retracts the bar 51a to reverse the sequence of the. valves.

Pivotecl to the upper end of the stem 25 (Figs. 8, 9, 13, 16) of the piston I3! is a link 21. Said link is pivoted as at 28 to a lever 29. Lever 29 is pivoted at one end 30 to a fixed part of member I30. The opposite end of lever 29 is pivoted as at 29a to one end of the link 3|. On the screw feed mechanism 31 (Figs. 1, 4, 8-12) is a gear 46. Gear is meshes with a gear 48 rotatably mounted on a vertical stem I60 fixed to member I38 (see Figs. 14 and for details). Pivoted to stem I60 is a plate 36 provided with an upstanding pin 35. Plate 36 is formed with a heel 36a for the purpose hereinafter appearing. Mounted on plate 36 and pivoted to stem or post 35 is a dog 33. Dog 33 is formed with an upstanding pin 32 pivoted to the opposite end of said link 3!. The dog 33 is formed with a pair of opposite teeth 33a and 33b adapted to engage the teeth of gear 48 in the manner hereinafter appearing. Dog 33 is provided with an annular countersunk opening 330. Rotatably mounted therein is a pivot member I4 having an annular flange Ida received within the countersunk opening and provided with an upstanding projection 141) having flattened side edges Me. Member, 14 is rotated on the dog by means of a washer 14d held in place by a screw Me screwed to the upper end of pin 35. The gear 43 is formed with a countersunk recess on its underside to receive a flange I600. on stem I60. A star spring I60b may be interposed between plate 36 and flange I66a. Overlaying the gear 48 is a cover or guard 86 having downwardly extending skirted flanges 86a, 86c,and 86d (Figs. 12, 14). Between flanges 86a andBBcis a space86e. The leading edge of 31 to the left looking at Figs. 11 and 16, to thereby flange 86c is indicated by numeral 86b. Flange 86a is separated from flange 86d by a space 8af. At one end of flange 86d is a lip 86g. Cover 86 is formed with a central opening through which the stem passes. On the cover 86 is an arm 13 having at one end an annular portion 13b formed with a central opening 13a larger than the. stem. Arm I3 is formed with a longitudinal slot receiving the projection 14b of pivot member M. The flattened edges Me of said projection engage the side edges of the slot 130. At the outer end of arm I3 is a bifurcation forming a tongue 13d and a tine 13c spaced therefrom. overlying arm I3 is the piston rod 66 formed with a flat extension 10 having on its underside. a. skirted flange 12 received within the opening 13a. The flattened extension 10 is formed with a slot ll. On the upper end I600 of the stem I60 is. an annular washer I60d formed on its underside with a cylindrical sleeve I602 projecting into slot ii. Screwed to the upper end of the stem portion 660 is a cap nut I601. A star washer I'GQg may be interposed between the cap nut and the upper portion of member I60d.

It will now be understood that piston rod 66 may be moved in a plane perpendicular to the axis of stem I69 for the purpose of moving or oscillating arm I3 sideways (Figs. 10, 11, 14, 15). Piston rod 66 is connected to a stem 66a projecting into the cylinder 6! and connected to the piston 6619' within said cylinder. At one end of the. cylinder GI is a shoulder 65. On stem 66a within the cylinder is strung a coil spring 660 with one end abutting against the piston 66b and the other end bearing against the end wall of the cylinder 6|.

When the valve 59 opens and air under pressure enters cylinder 6|, the piston 6621 will press the stem 66a and the rod 66 forwardly against the tension of spring 660 for moving arm I3. Spring means 66c is provided for retracting the piston rod 66 to move the same into contact with shoulder 65 when valve 59 is closed, thereby cutting off air pressure from cylinder 6| and exhausting the cylinder.

Means is provided, however, to prevent retraction of the piston rod 66 under certain circumstances (see Figs. 8, 10, 11, 16, 1'7) To this end there is pivoted to member I30 an angle lever 62 having an upstanding finger 64 adapted to move between piston rod 66 and shoulder 65 to prevent retraction of the piston rod. On the underside of lever 62 is a pin 62a (Figs. 8, 17) connected by spring 63 to a fixed post, whereby to normally tend to rotate the lever 62.

Means is provided to withdraw wall 64 from engagement with the piston rod 66 to permit retraction of the latter. To this end there is pivoted to a shelf 9| on member I30 a lever 88. Lever 88 is pivoted at 88a as shown at Fig. 1'7 of the drawing. It is provided with a pair of spaced fingers 88a and 880. On lever 88 is a pin 88c connected by a spring 92 to a pin Sla on shelf 9%. Pivoted to lever 88 is a lever 81 having one end adapted to be engaged by the heel 36a of plate 36 when the latter is pivoted in a clockwise direction looking at Fig. 11 due to retraction of piston I31 toward plug 20a.

Contact of the heel 36a of plate 36 moves lever cause counterclockwise rotation of lever 88. Pivoted to the upper end of lever 88 as at 88b (Figs. 17) is a dog 89 provided with a hook 8% at its, upper end engaging lever 62. On dog, 89 is. av

pin 89a contacting finger 88a of lever 88. Pin 89a furthermore is connected by a spring 90 with finger 88c. As lever 88 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction, the hook 895 engages lever 62 and finger 88a engages pin 89a. The lever is thus rotated in a counterclockwise direction looking at Fig. 16 to remove wall 64 from engagement with piston rod 66. Pin 88a, however, lifts the dog 89 after the piston rod is released so as to release the dog 89 from lever 62.

Provision is made for a follower 38 to move with the tool holder I06 for movement therewith to contact the template 39.

To this end here is secured to the tool holder I06, as shown in Figs. 4, 9, 34, a support plate 36 which is provided with a slotted hole 35a; and on its rear surface it is provided with a vertical recess 34b receptive of a vertical slide block 360 adjustably secured to support plate 38 as by means of screw 34d which passes through the slotted hole 34a.

Slidably arranged in recesses in slide block 360, as best seen in Fig. 34, are the follower 38 and a bar 38a. The bar 38a is vertically adjustable relative to the slide block 340 and may be secured in adjusted position by means of the set screw 34 Interconnecting bar 38a and the upper end of the follower 33 is a coil tension spring III, one end of which is secured to stop pin 38b on follower 38, while its other end is secured to the bar 38a at I10 (Figs. 27, 28, 28a). This arrangement is to insure that the follower .38 may be yieldingly moved upwardly against the tension of spring I'II but it will be limited in its downward movement by having its stop pin 38!) abut against and rest upon the top of bar 36a.

Pivoted to bar 3811 as at I I3 is a bell crank I18 whose arm H5 is interconnected by a coil tension Spring I16 with a fixed pin I80 on the follower 38a. The other arm Il'I of the bell crank is provided with an electric contact I18 and is movable against a fixed con'act I16 insulatingly secured to said bar 38a. Fixed contact I is connected to wire 54 (Figs. 26, 2'7, 28).

The spring I16 tends to rotate thebell crank I74 in a clockwise direction for closing the contacts I18, I79. On the follower 38 is a pin I80 which'engages the arm I15. When the follower 36 is spaced from the template 36 as in Fig. 27, pin I80 rotates the bell crank I74 in a counterclockwise direction to open the contacts I80, I16. When the tool post slide I06 and it associated mechanism is fed downwardly, the follower 38 contacts the template 3!], as shown in Fig. 28, the movement of the follower 38 will be arrested ,.while all of the remainder of the mechanism continues to move downwardly to cause the hell crank I'M to move away from the pin I60 permitting the spring M6 to rotate the bell crank in a clockwise direction to close the switch I18, I79. It must be understood that the difference in travel between the follower and the tool pos; slide is very slight, due to the long lever arm I" and the proximity of the pin I50 to the pivot I73. In practice this difference in movement is of the order of .001 inch to move the contact I18 about .010 inch to reach contact H9. Obviously, the travel distance of contact II8 may be made adjustable by anyone skilled in the art.

The follower may be vertically adjusted relative to the cutting tool by loosening set screw (Fig. 34) and moving the bar 38a with the follower 38 vertically upwardly or downwardly and then tightening the set screw.

It may be desirable to make further fine micro is provided with a stem 55a.

metric adjustment and to that end therei's affixed to support plate 34 (Fig. 33) a bracket I06d within which is threadedly received a stud I061). The upper part of the stud is provided witha grooved headed portion with the top of the stud being tapered somewhat as shown at I060. The tapered head ma be provided with indexing marks I06e which may be related to a mark on the bracket I06a. The top I060 may also be provided with a conventional slot for the reception of a screw driver for rotating the stud I061). The annular groove in the top of the stud is received within a bifurcation of the horizontal leg of bracket I06a which is secured to the vertical slide block 3 50. Obviously, if the screw 3401 be loosened, the slide block 340 may be vertically adjusted relative to the support plate 36 by merely rotating the stud l06b. When the adjustment has been satisfactorily made, the screw 34d may again be tightened to secure the parts in adjusted position. In Fig. 26 there is shown the wiring diagram controlling the devices described above. Mounted in any suitable position is a solenoid II I (Figs. 8, 9, 16, 26). One side of the solenoid coil is connected by wire 44 to the follower 38 (Fig; 26). The template 39 and false template 39!; are grounded as at 66. The other side of the solenoid coil 4| is connected by wire 43 to the plus side of a power supply. Thus when the'follower 38 contacts the templates 39 or 39a, the circuit will be completed to energize the solenoid lI Connected to armature 01 of solenoid 4| i a slide bar ila. Mounted on the end of solenoid is switch 56 (Figs. 8, 9, 1,6, 26), which may oomprise a fixed contact 53 electrically connected with the plus side of the power supply, and a movable contact 5Ia which is electrically connected to one side of solenoid 56. The other side of said solenoid is connected to the minus side of the power supply.

Carried on bar 41a is a block of insulating material 54 slidably mounting a pin M which has a beaded end 5") which is maintained normally in abutting relation with the movable contact 5| (1 by means of the coil spring 52 which is strung on the pin 5| between the block 54 and the head 5Ib of the pin. The spring 52 serves to retract the armature 41 from its solenoid M when the solenoid is deenergized. The arrangement is such that when the spring 52 is fully expanded it permits the movable contact 5| a to withdraw from the contact 53 under the influence of spring 53a to open the circuit to solenoid 56.

To insure retention of the closed circuit through solenoids 4| and 56 until the various functions have been performed, i. e., to avoid the possibility of they circuit being broken or interrupted by the interposition of oil or dirt or other foreign matter between follower 38 and the template 39 in the one form of the invention, or between the switch contacts II8-I'I9 in the modified form (Figs. 27-28), there is provided acurrent holdin switch I1. This switchcomprises the spring arm 'I'Ib which is carried by the block 54, electrically connected with the follower 38 and the fixed plate 'Ilc which is electrically grounded at 46. When the bar 41 is in its normal retracted position, the free end of spring arm I'Ib rests upon an insulated plug 1711 which is set in the plate 110. The solenoid 56, as described above, controls the armature 51 which is connected to the slide 51a which in turn controls the valves 22, 58, 59 and 60. The exhaust valve 55 When the stem aseaiao is normally extended the valve is closed. When the valve stem 55a is depressed as in Fig. 16, the valve opens to discharge air. Bar 41a is formed with a .notch 41b to normally receive the stem 55a, when extended. When solenoid GI is energized and bar 41a moves to the right as shown in Fig..l6, the valve stem 55a will be depressed to open the discharge valve 55 and at the same time to lose the contacts |a, 53 which together comprise the switch 50.

Opposed to contact Tlb is the contact Tic connected to the ground 45. When the bar 41 .moves to the right, contact 11b engages contact Tic to close switch H.

Means is further provided to actuate the switch 69. To this end there is pivoted as at 58 to the frame (Figs. 16, 17, 26), a lever 51. The free end of the lever 61 operates to depress switch 69 to open the same. The pin 62a. of .arm 62 is adaptedto engagethe heel of lever 61 when lever 62 rotates in a clockwise direction looking .at Fig. 16 to bring wall 65 into the path of the pistonirod 66.

The operation of the device will now be described:

Consider the shaper in the position with the head nearly all the way back or less, before the end of the stroke before it reverses to come forward. As the head moves back toward the end of the stroke (see Figs. 8, 9,, 18, 19), the tongue of lever II will contact the roller 12 which is fixed in the path of movement of the tongue l0 (Fig. 19), and the lever II will be moved backward, pushing with it the link 13 to tip the lever l4 on its pivot l5 to depress the valve stem [6 (Fig. 21) by riding over the lever I1 pivoted to the bracket IS on the valve IS. The valve l9 being open will admit air to the back end of the cylinder to force the piston in the opposite direction. When the valve I 9 has opened, air is permitted to pass into the piping 2| through the valve 22 which is normally open, (Fig. thence through the piping 23 into branch pipes 24 and into the cylinder 20. The piston within the cylinder is double-headed, the intermediate portion thereof having an .arm 25 (Fig. 13) eX- tending therefrom through a slot 26 in the cylinder wall.

As seen in Figs. 8, 10, 11, 12, 14 and 16, the

pivotal movement of dog 33 causes the tool feed screw mechanism 3'5 for the shaper tool post to move down and upwardly as hereinafter further more particularly described. The linkage already described is now in'position shown in Fig. 16 with the tooth 33b of the dog 33 engaged between the teeth of gear 48.

When the air was admitted to the back of the piston, the various linkage caused the dog 33 to swing on its pivot so that its tooth 3311 will engage the teeth of the gear 48 which are in mesh with pinion i9 keyed or otherwise secured to the feed screw spindle 3-! to move feed screw 31 downwardly until an electric contact member or follower 38 reaches or touches the template 39, thus closing electric circuit to prevent further downward feed of the tool. It is understood that the' tool. slide and associate mechanism and the follower 38 are mounted for vertical movement in unison, adjustment being made for the bite of the tool between the ends of the follower 38 and the tool 49, through the dial screw 16b, which permits independent adjustment of the follower from the tool holder and the tool 50. As contact is made between the follower 3B and the template 39, circuit isclosed to energize solenoid 4|.

The current from the house current source (Fig. 26.) will pass through conductor 43, through solenoid 4|, through-conductor M to the follower 38, through template 39, conductor 45, to the ground 46.. When thesolenoid 4| is energized, the armature 41 is sucked inwardly in the direction of the arrow, as seen in Fig. 26. Simultaneously, the switch is closed by reason of the slidable rod 5| contacting one arm 52 of the switch to press it in contact 53. The slidable rod 5.! is mounted for sliding movement in bracket 54, mounted on sl-ide 47a which is connected to the solenoid armature. Likewise, the slide moving forward, will depress the stem of the discharge valve 55, thus opening the valve to permit the escape of air from the cylinder 29. At the same time, when the switch 50 had been closed, the circuit was closed to solenoid 56, thus sucked in its core or armature 51, and pulling with it the slide 5111. The movement of the slide 5111 toward the right as seen in Fig. 5, moves the button .222) off of the valve stem 12a of valve 22, allowing the valve stem to rise under the influence of the spring (not shown), and thus to close the valve 22 and hence to out 01f the supply of air passing into the end 200. of the cylinder 29. As the slide 510, moves in the direction of the arrow .to release the valve stem 22a (Fig. 5), it simultaneously depresses the valve stem 58a (Fig. '7), to open the valve 58 to allow a shot of air to pass into the other end 29b of the cylinder 20. This is for the purpose of relieving the forward pressure on the dog 33. Also at the same time, the button b rides off the valve stem 50a of valve 60, closing the latter valve and preventing the air that passes through the valve 58 to 2% from escaping through the main valve 89 which is open to the atmosphere. Now as the slide 51a continues the move to the right, as seen in Fig. 5, the button 591) reaches and depresses the valve stem 59a of valve 59 (Fig. 6), thus opening this valve. When the slide 5'! is drawn forward to the right in the direction of the arrow, we have the condition of the valves as diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 24, with the valves 60, 59, and 22 all closed, and with valve 58 open.

Valve 59, when it is open, allows air to pass from the supply to the end Bla. of cylinder (ii to move the piston within the cylinder to the right (Figs. 22, 23, 25). The pivot arm or member 52 (Figs. 8, 16, 17) was permitted to swing under the influence of the spring 53 to interpose its vertical ear 84 back of the shoulder 55 of the piston rod '35 (Fig. 10) to prevent the return of the piston until the occurrence of a later event. The arm 62 has a downwardly extending pin 62a. As the arm 62 is swung, the pin 52a (Fig. 17) engages the heel of a lever 6'! which is pivoted at 68 to the frame of the machine. The free end of thelever 61 operates to depress a switch 69 to open the same.

As before described, the piston rod has on its free end a flattened extension 10, through which is elongated perforation or aperture 'H'. The underside of the extension 19 carries an annular shouldered portion 7.2 which extends into the opening 13a of the arm 13. That is the arm ":55 pivots on the annulus T2. Now as the piston rod 6% was moved outwardly, the flattened portion 10 moved with it the end 731) of the arm 13, so as to swing the arm on its pivot The pivot M extends through the slot 130. Now as the arm 73 is swung, the tine 13d will be moved downwardly, as seen in 10, to contact the pin 32 and move the double-toothed dog 33 to disengage 13 the tooth 33a from the teeth of the gear 48. The arm 13 has another furcation or tine 'IBe, the purpose of which will later appear.

When the switch 69 was opened, the electric connection to the follower 33 was broken permitting the spring I to return the armature and the slide ll to initial position, and thus open the switch 59. It will be noted that as the slide 41 moves backward it will permit the stem 55a of the valve 55 to re-enter the depression 47b in the plunger lla, thus to close the valve 55 (Figs. 8 and When the circuit is broken at the switch 59, the current was out off from the solenoid 55, thus allowing the slide 51a to be pulled back under the influence of the spring I59 to its initial position (Fig. 8), permitting the air passing through valve 58 to move the piston in the cylinder 29 to the end of its stroke, that is toward the end 292). It will be understood, however, that as this piston moves to complete its stroke, the double-toothed dog is in neutral position (Figs. 10, 12), that is it is completely disengaged from the feed gear 43 and is carried to the end of the stroke together with the plate 36- and its associated mechanism. On its return movement, it restores all valves to their initial position, and is now in the position shown in Fig. 5 of the drawing.

The shaper slide has now come off dead center and begins to move forwardly so that the tool 49 can make a cut on the work '58. As the shaper slide is progressing forwardly, the rear tongue He is contacted by the roller I2, thus restoring he linkage to original position and operating the valve 9 to close the supply line and to open the exhaust of the air from the end 29av of the cylinder. It will be recollectsd that valves I9 and are two-way valves which allow for air to enter from the supply line to the cylinder when they are open, and discharge air from the cylinder to the atmospherewhen they areclosed.

As the shaper slide nears the forward end of its cutting stroke, the tongue 19a of lever '59 contacts the abutment roller 8| (Fig. 20) so as to turn the lever 79 upon its pivot i911 which pulls the link 82 to rotate the lever 83 upon its pivot 83a to depress the valve stem 80a by riding over the lever 84 pivoted tothe bracket on the valve 90. The valve 80 is now opened, and this will admit air from the supply line to the front and 29b of the cylinder 29, to force the piston in the backward direction.

The valve 58 is normally open, which allows air to come through from the supply, as shown in Fig. 24.

As the linkage is restored to initial position, it will be understood that the link 3! turns the dog 33 on its pivot pin 35 so that the tooth 33b rides on the wall 83a of the guard 86, Fig. 12; but since the dog cannot turn any further on its own pivot, further movement of the link 3| must rotate the plate 36 with all of its associated mechanism, except that the guard 86 remains relatively stationary until the tooth 33b rides off of the wall 85a and enters the space between the teeth of the feed gear 48 (see Fig. 16). Thus it rotates the gear 48 which in turn rotates the pinion 49 to turn the feed screw 31 backwards to raise the tool slide I06 with the cutting tool and the follower 38. It will be understood, of course, that by that time the cutting stroke has been completed and the tool 49 has gone beyond the work 19.

Now when the tooth 33b reached the end of the wall 96a the dog 33 was again free to rotate on its ownpivot 35 to enter the tooth 33b between the gear teeth. This last movement, however, of the dog 33 also carried the pivot pin 32 away from 14 tongue 13d and until it contacted tine 13c and further rotation of dog 33 will carry with it the arm I3, to leave the dog 33 free t rotate on its own pivot in the opposite direction when necessary.

When the tooth 33b has engaged the gear teeth of gear 48 and starts to rotate the gear, it will eventually come in contact with the edge of the wall 86b of the guard, so as to carry the guard around with it, so as to finally expose sufficient teeth on the gear 48 on the opposite side of the wall 86a for the return feed stroke. The purpose for the wall 88 and for the necessity for having the tooth 33b ride on that wall is so as to prevent the tooth 331) from entering gear teeth 48 except insofar as we have previously adjusted the guard to move the number of teeth for elevating the too-l to the desired amount. That is to say, it is desirable, in fact, necessary, to raise the tool to a lesser extent than the maximum projection or movement of the tool downwardly.

When the plate 36 has reached the limit of its movement, its edge 36a will engage the end 81a of lever 81, so as to disengage the vertical ear 96 from behind the shoulder 65 of the piston rod 66 to permit the piston 66 to return into the cylinder under the influence of the spring 660 (see Figs. 11 and 16). The valve 59 is also a twoway valve which can be opened to admit air under pressure or closed against the supply, to discharge air from the cylinder, so that as the valve is operated to cut off the supply of air, the discharge is simultaneously opened.

l Vhen the lever 8'! was pushed by the plate 39 (Figs. 16, 1'7), it swung the arm 88 upon its pivot 88d and since the hook 89 is carried by the arm 89, the hook likewise was moved ard it pulled the member 622. After the vertical ear 64 has been moved out from the shoulder 65 (Figs. 11, 16), the hook 89 was then caused to ride over the member 62 to completely free itself therefrom so as to leave the member 62 free to move back and rest against the piston rod 36. Also, it should be noted that when the vertical ear 64 is moved out from under the shoulder 65 of the piston rod,

In Fig. 3 there is shown a modification for cutting round stock as for instance cams. The work piece W in Fi 3 is clamped between shafts I85, I86. On shaft I86 is a worm gear I8! meshing with a worm I98 on shaft I99. On shaft I89 is a second worm I90 meshing with a worm gear I on a shaft I92 parallel to the shafts I85, I86. On shafts I92 is a template I93. The workpiece W is to be cut by tool I94 in accordance with the shape of the template I93. The follower I95 is provided to contact the template I93. The follower I95 is attached to the tool post for movement therewith. The follower and tool post are connected to the head I94 in the same way as in the machine S. To rotate the shafts I85, I86 and shaft I92, in equiangular increments, there is slidably mounted on shaft I89 a cross arm I96 carrying a pawl I91. Theto be reciprocated as previously described. As.

the link reciprocates, worm I89 will be rotated through equiangular increments for rotating the work piece and the template. The rotation of the work piece and the cam corresponds to the transverse step-by-step movement of the work table H and the template 39 mounted thereon. It will now be seen that in the modification of Fig. 3, the link is attached to the worm shaft as seen in the drawing and is provided with a dog and intermediate feed mechanism for rotating both the template and the work. In this case the work and template donot progress transversely of the tool but rotate relative to the tool, and the template likewise rotates relative to the follower. When it is desired to use the modification shown in Fig. 3, the work-holding device or clamping means is removed and the mechanism shown in Fig. 3 is substituted.

It should be understood that all of the valves 22, 58, 5t, E6} and 55, and also the solenoid 5&3, are used only for the purpose of causing operation of the main valves 89 and [9. Obviously, anyone skilled in the art may use other means to accomplish this same purpose; for instance, a

system of links and levers may be used to operate the main valves 80 and 59 instead of the valves 22, 58, 59, SE], 55 and the solenoid 5'5.

It will thus be seen that there is provided a device in which the several objects of this invention are achieved, and which is well adapted to meet the conditions of practical use.

As various possible embodiments might be made of the above invention, and as various changes might be made in the embodiments above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter herein set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In i'iiachine tool of the character described, a work table, a template near the work table, a reciprocating head, a tool holder on the head, a feed screw mechanism for said tool holder, a cylinder on said head, a piston within said cylinder, mean controlled by movement of the head toward the end of its return stroke for admitting fluid under pressure to one end of the cylinder for moving the piston in one direction, means controlled by movement of the piston in said direction to actuate the feed screw mechanism for IDOVlllg; a tool on the tool holder downwardly toward the work table a predetermined maximum distance, and means movable with the tool holder and controlled by the template on the work table to stop the downward movement of the feed screw before said maximum distance is reached.

2. In a machine tool of the character described, a work table, a template on the work table, a reciprocating head, a tool holder on the head, a feed screw mechanism for said tool holder, a cylinder on said head, a piston within said cylinder, means controlled bymovement of the head toward the end of its return stroke for admitting fluid under pressure to one end of the cylinder for moving the piston in one direction, means controlled by movement of the piston in said direction to actuate the feed screw mechanism for moving a tool on the tool holder downwardly toward the work table a predetermined maximum distance.

3. In a machine tool of the character described, a work table, a template on the work table, a

reciprocating head, a tool holder on the head, a

feed screw mechanism for said tool holder, a

cylinder on said head, a piston within said cylinder, means controlled by movement of the head r, toward the end of its return stroke for admitting fluid under pressure to one end of the cylinder for moving the piston in one direction, means controlled by movement of the piston in said direction to actuate the feed screw mechanism for moving a tool on the tool holder downwardly toward the work table a predetermined maximum distance, means movable with the tool holder and controlled by the template on the work table to stop the downward movement of the feed screw before said maximum distance is reached, and means controlled by movement of the head toward the end of its cutting stroke for admitting fluid under pressure to the opposite end of said cylinder for moving said piston in an opposite direction, and means controlled by movement of said-piston in said opposite direction for turning the feed screw mechanism in a direction for raising the tool holder a predetermined distance.

4. In a machine tool of the character described, a work table, a template on the work table, a reciprocating head, a tool holder on the head, a feed screw mechanism for said tool holder, a cylinder on said head, a piston within said cylinder', means controlled by movement of the head toward the end of its return stroke for admitting fluid under pressure to one end of the cylinder for movin the piston in one direction, means controlled by movement of the piston in said direction to actuate the feed screw mechanism for moving a tool on the tool holder downwardly toward the work table a predetermined maximum distance, and means controlled by movement of the head toward the end of its cutting stroke for admitting fluid under pressure to the opposite end of said cylinder for moving said piston in an opposite direction, and means controlled by movement of said piston in said opposite direction for turning the feed screw mechanism in a direction for raising the tool holder a predetermined distance.

5. In a machine tool of the character described, a work table, a template on the work table, a reciprocating head, a tool holder on the head, feed screw mechanism for the tool holder, 2. cylinder on the head, a piston within said cylinder, means to rotate the feed screw mechanism including a gear, a double-toothed dog having a pair of teeth adapted to selectively engage the gear, means connecting the piston with said dog, and adapted to engage a tooth of the dog with the gear upon movin the piston in one direction within said cylinder, a follower movable with said tool hold-er and adapted to engage the template.

6. In a machine tool of the character described, a work table, a template on the work table, a reciprocating head, a tool holder on the head, feed screw mechanism for the tool holder, a cylinder on the head, a piston within said cylinder, means to rotate the feed screw mechanism including a gear, a double-toothed dog having a pair of teeth adapted to selectively engage the gear, means connecting the piston with said dog, and adapted to engage a tooth of the dog with the gear upon moving the piston in one direction within said cylinder, a follower movable with said tool holder and adapted to engage the ternplate, means controlled by movement of the reciprocating head to admit air into one end of the cylinder for moving said piston in said direction.

7. In a machine tool of the character described, 

